Analysis of dynamic characteristics of belt conveyor tensioning device

The tensioning device of the belt conveyor is an important part to ensure the normal operation of the loading conveyor. Only with the close cooperation of the tensioning device, the conveyor can obtain good controllable starting (braking) movement and self-moving of the tail. As a key technology of the belt conveyor, the tensioning technology can greatly improve the safety and reliability of the conveyor. The role of the tensioning device in the safe transportation of the belt conveyor: 　　 (1) to ensure that the conveyor belt has sufficient tension, so as to ensure the necessary traction for driving the roller drive, and prevent the conveyor belt from slipping; 　　 (2) to ensure the conveyor belt The tension of each point on the periphery should not be lower than the specified value, to prevent the conveyor belt from being too sag between the two rollers and excessively slack to cause the loading conveyor belt to move unevenly and cause the phenomenon of material scattering or deviation; 　　(3 ) Provide the necessary conveyor belt length for the belt conveyor to reconnect; 　　(4) Compensate for the plastic deformation of the conveyor belt and the change of elastic elongation under transition conditions; 　　(5) For the retractable belt conveyor, it can be used to temporarily store excess conveyor.　　 The tensioning device used by the belt conveyor must meet the following technical requirements: (1) Automatically adjust the tensioning force; (2) Fast response; (3) No dead zone.　　1. Analysis of dynamic characteristics of belt conveyor tensioning device 　　Belt conveyors with a small inclination angle are mostly used for car-type tensioning. The composition of the tensioning device is shown in Figure 1. The tensioning device is composed of a tensioning trolley, a tensioning roller, a tensioning force generating device and its control system. 1- belt; 2- Reversing roller; 3- Tension roller Figure 1 The composition of the tensioning device The impact of the tensioning trolley on the characteristics of the conveyor belt is mainly manifested in two aspects: (1) The tensioning trolley is in the belt conveyor system The different positions in the center will lead to changes in its motion characteristics; (2) The mass and dynamic and static friction coefficient of the tensioning trolley and its accessories will affect its vibration characteristics, thereby indirectly affecting the dynamic characteristics of the conveyor belt. In the conveyor tensioning device, the tensioning roller is a component that directly contacts the conveyor belt. The movement of the roller directly affects the vibration characteristics of the conveyor belt. The inertial mass and friction coefficient of the roller will affect the movement of the conveyor belt. The equipment that generates and controls the tensioning force determines how the tensioning trolley responds when the tension of the conveyor belt changes. It is an important part of the tensioning device and an important aspect of optimizing the dynamic characteristics of the belt conveyor. Therefore, this equipment is One of the main factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the conveyor belt. 2. The development trend of belt loading conveyor tensioning devices (1) Belt conveyors, especially large belt conveyors, are moving towards the direction of automatic control of the whole machine, and their tensioning devices are also moving towards online control and monitoring with other parts of the conveyor　　(2) When selecting and designing the tensioning device, it is necessary to ensure the coordination between the conveyor driving device, the conveyor belt and the tensioning device and the constant tension at the start, so that the belt conveyor is Realize safe, reliable and stable operation under non-steady operating conditions; 　　 (3) Because the hydraulic automatic tensioning device is fast in action and easy to realize automatic control, it will be widely used.　　The belt conveyor tensioning device should have the characteristics of automatically adjusting the tensioning force, fast response speed, and high reliability. The tensioning technology is one of the key technologies for the operation of the belt conveyor, which can greatly improve the safety and reliability of the belt conveyor operation. At present, the domestic belt conveyor tensioning device can automatically adjust the tensioning force, but the response speed is not fast and the reliability is not high. Compared with foreign technology, there is still a big gap, and further research and development are needed.

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