Reasons and Preventive Measures of Belt Conveyor Tearing

The belt conveyor belt tearing accident can be roughly divided into two categories: longitudinal tearing and transverse tearing. Among them, the longitudinal tearing accounts for more than 90% of the total number of belt tearing failures, so the longitudinal tearing is the object here. , to analyze the reasons for its tearing.

Cause analysis of belt tearing

1. Belt deviation and tearing

When the belt conveyor is in normal operation, the belt should be located at the center axis of the frame, and when the belt runs off-track, it will cause the belt to accumulate and fold on the off-track side, and the unbalanced force will Under long-term action, the belt is prone to tearing failure.

Generally speaking, this situation will only occur in 1. The belt runs off the side instead of the inner side of the belt, which poses less threat to production safety, and at the same time This kind of belt tearing phenomenon has a relatively obvious omen, and there is a long reaction time from the deviation of the belt to the tearing, so it can be prevented through inspection and maintenance.

2. Belt shaft core tearing

When the belt conveyor is running, if it is strongly impacted by large pieces of metal materials or gangue, there will be It may cause the steel core of the belt to break, and the steel core at the broken place will continue to be used. Under the influence of long-term stretching and loading, it may penetrate the belt and be exposed outside the belt cover rubber. When the exposed length of the steel core is long, it may be involved in the idler, steering drum and other components when the belt is running, and be continuously pulled out as the belt is running, causing the belt to break.

There is also a situation where the scraper clip of the head cleaner catches the metal or other debris on the surface of the belt and wears the belt through. Preventing such tearing can only strengthen the inspection vision. When the exposed wire rope ends are found, they should be cut off immediately to avoid future troubles.

3. Scratch and tear

In the longitudinal tear of the belt, scratch and tear is the most common situation, usually It can be divided into two categories: sharp tool pressure scratches and penetration scratches. The former is that a large-sized long rod is stuck at the bottom of the chute, and the belt is scratched by the driving force of the belt; the latter is that the sharp tool falls from a certain height, and its tip penetrates the belt and gets stuck under the influence of gravity. On chutes or idlers, the belt is torn as it continues to advance.

4. Material jamming, clogging and tearing

This situation occurs in the lower part of the chute, because the distance between the front edge of the chute and the belt surface is limited, and The buffer rollers under the belt are distributed at intervals, and the natural bearing capacity is uneven. When the projected length of the material to be transported on one side exceeds this distance, it is easy to cause large pieces of material to be stuck between the front edge of the chute and the belt under special circumstances. Strong extrusion Belts cause tears.

There is also a situation where the feed at the loading point suddenly increases, causing the belt to be blocked. friction over time, causing the belt to tear.

Countermeasures to prevent belt tearing

1. Actively prevent tearing from the source

Strengthen the control of material quality and increase the impurity removal equipment for impurity removal. A large block removal device is set before the primary belt to reduce the large block materials entering the entire conveying system.

2. Increase the passing capacity of the chute

On the premise that the width of the chute is determined by the width of the belt, expand the outlet of the chute upwards, try to Increase its passing capacity to avoid jamming debris or large pieces of material.

3. Strengthen the management of equipment

Improve the inspection and inspection of the belt, especially the management of other auxiliary equipment of the belt loading conveyor, Such as the inspection of transfer funnels, cleaners and other facilities to prevent sharp objects such as liners from falling off.

4. Improve the conveyor structure

By reducing the drop of the blanking point and increasing the buffer grille, the fine materials fall before the bulk materials, etc. impact, reduce material velocity and reduce the possibility of impurities inserted into the belt.

5. Improve the structure of the belt itself

For example: improve the air tightness of the belt, prevent the water from entering the core layer, and the steel wire rope from rusting. Manufacturers strengthen quality control to improve quality.

6. Add a tearing detection device

When the belt is torn, it will be detected as soon as possible in the shortest time, and an alarm will be issued. Shut down to minimize tear length and reduce losses.

7. Use tear-resistant belts

The tear-resistant belts use steel wire rope as the longitudinal skeleton material, and add transverse reinforcements in the belt body as tear-proof belts The cost of this tear-resistant belt is about 20% higher than that of ordinary belts.

8. Use a belt that can detect tearing

Add a sensor with a closed coil to the belt, and the detector is installed in the belt. In the easy tearing part of the conveyor, the detector is connected with the controller. If the belt is torn, the closing coil of the sensor will be cut off. When it passes the detector, the detector will stop sending out the pulse signal, the controller will not receive the pulse signal, it will alarm and stop immediately. At present, such belts cannot be produced in China, and the cost is relatively high.